Abraham Abulafia — Abraham ben Samuel Abulafia ( he. אברהם בן שמואל אבולעפיה), the founder of the school of Prophetic Kabbalah , was born in Zaragoza, Spain, in 1240, and died sometime after 1291, in Comino, Maltese archipelago. Early life and travelsVery early in… … Wikipedia
LANDAU, EZEKIEL BEN JUDAH — (1713–1793), halakhic authority of the 18th century, known as the Noda bi Yehudah, after one of his works (see below). Landau was born in Opatow, Poland, and received his talmudic education first in his hometown until the age of 13 and… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
ḤASIDISM — ḤASIDISM, a popular religious movement giving rise to a pattern of communal life and leadership as well as a particular social outlook which emerged in Judaism and Jewry in the second half of the 18th century. Ecstasy, mass enthusiasm, close knit … Encyclopedia of Judaism
VILNA — (Pol. Wilno, Lithuanian Vilnius), from 1323 capital of the grand duchy of lithuania ; from 1940 to 1991 capital of the Lithuanian S.S.R.; from 1991 capital of Lithuania; called by East European Jewry, especially in the modern period, the… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
SEPHARDIM — (Heb. סְפָרַדִּים, sing. סְפָרַדִּי, Sephardi), descendants of Jews who lived in Spain or Portugal before the expulsion of 1492. (The term Sephardim is often erroneously used for other Jews of non Ashkenazi origin.) sepharad , mentioned in… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
PHYSICS — The material presented in this entry emphasizes those contributions which were important in arriving at verified present day scientific results, rather than those that may have appeared important at the time. Unavoidably it will overlap in parts… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
SAFED — (Heb. צְפָת), principal town of Upper Galilee, situated on a mountain 2,780 ft. (850 m.) high, 30 mi. (48 km.) east of Acre, 25 mi. (40 km.) north of Tiberias. Not mentioned in the Bible, Safed has sometimes been identified with Sepph (Gr. Σεπφ) … Encyclopedia of Judaism
KABBALAH — This entry is arranged according to the following outline: introduction general notes terms used for kabbalah the historical development of the kabbalah the early beginnings of mysticism and esotericism apocalyptic esotericism and merkabah… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
LITERATURE, JEWISH — Literature on Jewish themes and in languages regarded as Jewish has been written continuously for the past 3,000 years. What the term Jewish literature encompasses, however, demands definition, since Jews have lived in so many countries and have… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
WOMAN — This article is arranged according to the following outline: the historical perspective biblical period marriage and children women in household life economic roles educational and managerial roles religious roles women outside the household… … Encyclopedia of Judaism